Force and Laws of Motion — Key Formulas
- Force: F = ma (SI unit: newton, N)
- Momentum: p = mv (SI unit: kg·m/s)
- Second law: F = (mv − mu)/t
- Impulse: F × t = mv − mu (change in momentum)
- Conservation of momentum: m₁u₁ + m₂u₂ = m₁v₁ + m₂v₂
- 1 N = 1 kg·m/s²
- Action and reaction: F₁₂ = −F₂₁